Improvement in steam-generators



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JAMES MONTGOMERY, OE SING SING, N EW YORK..

Letters Patent No. 98,089, dated December 21,1869; antedated December 17, 1869.

To all whom it mayl concern Be it known that I, JAMES MONTGOMERY, of Sing Sing, 1u the State of New York, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Steam-Generators; and

1I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear,

and exact description of the saure, reference being had to the annexed drawing, making part of this specilication, in which- Figure l is a central sectional elevation of mySimproved generator;

Figure 2 is ai transverse section, on line :t :v of fig. l;

Figure 3 is a central section of the grate, showing also its supports as secured to the shell of the generator, and an end view of the shaft upon which the worm is secured which rotates the same;

Figure 4 is a transverse section, showing a portion of the grate, a portion of the upper tube-sheet, and a portion ofthe lower tube-sheet;

Figure 5 is a plan view of a portion of the grate, showing also a segment ofthe gear upon it`s periphery, and also the worin, bywhich motion `is given to such grate;

FigurelG is a plan view of a group of generators, as arranged for marine engines;

Figure 7 is an elevation ofthe same, when similarly arranged, with a smoke-pipe in the centre of the group for the escape of the .products of' combustion;

Figure 8 is an end elevation of a portion ofthe elevators which feed the ycoal into the hopper, formed around the tops of the generatrs; and

Figure 9 is a side elevation of the same, showing also the belt and pulley which drive the same.

Corresponding letters represent corresponding parts in the several figures.

It is a well-known fact that steam-generators, as at present constructed, are deficient iu their arrangements for the perfect combustion of the gases arising from the burning fuel. i

One of the objects of my invention is to provide a remedy for this defect, and, to this end, I propose to construct a genera-tor in such a ina-nner as to concentrate all of the gasesto one point, and conduct them to achamber, the lower surface of which should be lined l with tire-bricks or some equivalent material, which, owing t0 the high temperature which it is capable of attaining, willignite such gases as they come in contact therewith, and thus prepare them to enter the tubes or tlues in a condition oftlame, or of perfect or nearly perfect ignition.

To produce this condition of the gases, I propose to place in the centre of the grate an outlet, through which all the gaseous products of combustion must pass in escaping from the furnace, and from which they are to be delivered into a combustion-chamber,

where they will be thoroughly mixed with a suicient quantity of oxygen for the support of combustion, prior to'being admitted to the tubes.

This invention, therefore, relates to that class of steam-generators known as vertical generators and It consists in the construction, combination, and

arrangement of vits parts, as will be more fully explained hereinafter.

A, in the drawings, representsthe shell of the generator, which may be of iron, steel, copper, or any other suitable material, and of any thickness required to give the necessary strength. The form of this generator, in its cross-section, may be cylindrical, octagouai, or of any/other desired form, its upper end being dome-shaped, andterminatiug in anluptake for the passage of the 'products of combustion, as shown in iig. 1.

Within this outer shell, and at such a distance from it as to leave a suitable water-space, there is to be placed another shell, A', which is to be suspended to the base of the crown of the furnace, and which is to extend down to a point about midway of the lengthof the dues. This sheet is designed to cause 'a circulation of the water from the upper to the lower'portion of the generator, the water and steam passing up from the lower portion of the generator, and from among the tubes or lines, over the convex portion of 'the upper tube-sheet to the space between the tire-box and this sheet or diaphragm, and to the space above such firebox, where the steam becomes separated from the water, which, owing to the di'erence of temperature between the outer and inner portions of the generator, will cause a downward current of water to be constantly kept up through the space between the outer sheet-A and the inner sheet A' lof lthis portion of the generator'. u

The consequencce of the above-described arrangement of these parts will be to carry the more highly-` heated portions ofthe water down to, and cause themk to rningle with those particles in the lower portion 'of the generator, which are at a lower temperature, and thus, to a great extent, cause an equalization of temperature throughout the whole of the generator vand its contents'. 4 i

Another advantage to be derived from this arrangement is, that the sediment or foreign matterwhich is held in suspension by the water, will, by this action,

be carried down to and over the concave surface of the lower tube-sheet, and deposited in the receptacle G', arranged for its reception, as will be more fully described hereinafter.

B represents a coal-hopper or reservoir, which is to be arranged around or upon the upper portion of the generator, substantially as shown in gs. 1 and 7 of the drawings, it being my intention to have this hopper always supplied with coal, s0 that as the coal upon the grate burns away, its place, shall -be supplied by coals ti'om this hopper or reservoir. v

C C represent chutes or passages from the hopper B to the lire-chamber; of which there may be one or more, as circumstances may require, they being so ar` ranged as to deliver the coals direct ti'oln the. hopper B to the revolving grate D, as shown in iig. 1.

D represents the grate upon which the fuel rests, it heilig constructed as shown in tigs. 2, and 5, and 6, where it will be seen that it is to be provided with gearing or cogs upon its periphery, which are to be acted upon by a worm-wheel or a screw for the purpose of giving arotary motion to it. i'lhe manner of constructing the grate is as follows In its 'centre there is to be an opening of suicient diameter to admit of the passage through. Ait of the. neck formed upon the upper end of the upper sheet of the chamber 1). Immediately outside `of this opening there is to be placed a ring, outside of which there is to be a space, concentric with such ring, which is one of a series, through which the ashes fall to the ash-pit. Outside ot' thisspace there is to be a` series of rings and spaces, suticient in number to make-the `grate of any required diameter, while to the outer ring there is to be attached a gear-wheel or segments of such a wheel, or such gear may be brmedupon the outer ring, as preferred, the object being to atibrd the means of rotating the grate, as above described.

D represents the tire or combustion-chamber, which, as shown in ti". 1, is to be arranged in the upper-portion of the generator, and of which there may be one or more. there more than one are used, they are to be arranged one above the other, and have a common outlet 0r connection with the chamber D3, above the upper tube-sheet.

l)z represents the passage through which the products ot' combustion pass ti'om the combustion-chamber to the tubes or fines. 1t is to be formed upon tbe upper portion ot' the plate which divides the combustion-chamber fronrthe chamber above the upper tubesheet.

D3 represents a chamber, which is located between the combustion-chamber and the upper tube-sheet, into which thc heated products of combustion pass, preparatory to entering the tubes or fines. The lower sheet of this chamber is the upper tube-sheet, while its upper boundary is the sheet to which the neck which torms the passage Dl is secured.

E E represent a series of vertical tubes, which extend from the upper to the lower tube-sheet, to each of which one of their. ends is secured. `There may be any number of rows ot' these tubes, limited only by the diameter of' the generator, and they maybe arranged concentric to each other, or in any other suitable manner.

F represents a chamber, which is to be within the lower portion ofthe generator, and immediately below the tubes or tlucs, itbeing for the I'e'ceptiou'ot` the ashes and cinders, which pass down through such tubes, and also t'or the purpose of allowing a' t'ree passage of the products of combustion from the tubes to the` space H, between the outer surface of the boiler and the casing which surrounds it.

G represents a water-vessel or reservoir, which is to be attached to the central portion ot the lower tube-sheet, from which it extends downward for any required distance, its lower and outer end being covcre'd by a cap, which is to be bolted thereto, so that it may be removed for cleaning out the same. The

object of this receptacle isv to provide a suitable place for the depositof the foreign substance which is to be found in all ordinary kinds ot' water, and to locate such receptacle at such a point as to facilitate the reception ot' such sediment, without bringing the same in contact with the most highlyeheated.portions of the generator.

H represents a chamber, which is formed by the shell ot' the generator, and a casing, H', which snrrounds, and is concentric, or nearly so, with the same. rl`his chamber is designed to receive the products ot' combustion from the chamber F,af`ter the greater portion ot' their heat has been absorbed by the water Within the generator, and conduct them around the outside of,..but in contact with such generator, to and around the steam-dome, and thence into the atmosphere.

H represents the jacket or casing above alluded to, which is to surround the generator, and is to be ot' such dimensions as to leave the required space between it and such generator for the passage of the products of combustion. This casing extends some distance below the bottom of the generator, its lower end being lprovided with a head for Athe purpose of giving the proper direction to the gases-from the tubes.

I represents the steam-pipe, which conducts the steam from 'the generatorto any desired locality, it passing for some distance through the uptake, for the purpose of preventing condensation, and also for the purpose oi' superheating the steam, should the telnperature ot the escaping gases at any time be sutii-` cient for that purpose. i

K represents aworm or screw, which is to be ar ranged upon the side of the generator, in such u manner as to work into vt-he rack K2 of the grate'.

Krepresents the shaft upon which the worin is to be'secured, which shaft is to be supplied, upon one of its ends, with a wheel for rotating it, either by hand or machinery. The arrangement ot' these devices, together with the means ot' securing them to the generator, are clearly shown in tigs. 2 and 3 of' the drawings. l

, K represents thegear, which is to be attached to the grate, for the purpose of giving-a rotary motion to the same. l

It is apparent that when it is desirable to place these generators upon a vessel, they may be arranged in groups, as shown at figs. (5 and 7, and so that they may all be fed from a com mon or lfrom separate hoppers or reservoirs, and the rotary movement ot' these grates be derived from the saure or separate "shafts, as circlunstances may require.

XVhether such generators `are used singly or in groups, 1 propose to attach to the grate a scraper, to be moved thereby, that shall cause any ashes that would otherwise lodge upon parts upon which it bears, to be removed and allowed to fall down through the tubes.

The generator is to be provided with the necessary blow-cock, which may besecured thereto vin any suitable position, and also with a safety-valve, which may, if preferred, be attached to the steam-pipe I.

Having thus described my invention,

What I claim, and desire to secure by Letters I atent, is` l l. rlhe combination ofthe hopper B, chutes or passage C, and genera-tor A,- substantially as shown and described.

2. The concave-convex flue-sheets, substantially as shown and described.

3. The combination ofthe combustion-chamber D1 passage D2, and-chamber D, substantially as shown and described.

4. The rotating grate D, arranged in the upper portion of the generator, substantially as shown and described.

5. The arrangement of the detlec-ting or guidingplate A', with reference to the chamber D3 and the eoinbustion-chamber D, substantially as shown and described.

6. The arrangement of the chamber D, with reference tothe tubes or tlucs E and the chamber F,

substantially as shown and described.

7. The combination of the reservoir G with the tube-'sheet of' generator A, substantially as shown and described.

S. A steam-generator, combining-iu its construction a hopper or reservoir for coals arranged around its upper end, ehutes'for conducting the coals to the grate, a rotating grate arranged above the tubes, a'

chamber above and below the tubes, and a reservoir attached to t-l1e central portion of the lower tube-sheet;

In testimony whereof, I have signed my name tov this specification, in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

' JAMES MONTGOMERY.

Witnesses:

D. P. HoLLowAY,

C. F. GLAUSEN. 

